- fixed holy days (same date every year)
- Kemetic calendar
- Zoroastrian calendar
- Celtic Ogham tree calendar
- Roman calendar
fixed holy days
These holy days are on the same day every year on the solar calendar.
Day of Bruma:
Day of Bruma: Roman holy day. Day of the Goddess Bruma, who is winter.
Septimontium:
Agonalia: Roman holy day. Also called Agonia or Septimontium. An ancient Roman feria stativa, or static festival, celebrated several times a year (January 9, May 21, and December 11). A ram would be sacrificied by the Rex Sacrificulus (a priest in the Roman religion) at the Regia in honor of important Roman deities, including Janus and Agonius. The rites and rituals of Agonolia (or Agonia) were considered important for the well-being of the entire Roman nation, according to William Smith in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. Liberalia, celebrated on March 17, was also called Agonia or Agonium Martiale. There may have been athletic events associated with Agonalia.
The January 9 Agonalia was also known as the Festival of Janus and the ram was sacrificed to Janus.
The March 17 Agonalia (Agonium Martiale) was also known as the Festival of Mars and the ram was sacrificed to Mars.
The May 21 Agonalia (Agonium Vediovi) was also known as the Festival of Veiovis and the ram was sacrificed to Veiovis.
The December 11 Agonalia was also known as Septimontium and the ram was sacrificed to an unknown deity. According to Quaestiones Romanes (Roman Questions) by Plutarch (in question 69), the Roman people refrained from using horse-drawn carriages on this day. Septimontium celebrated the seventh hill being added to the city of Rome, making it the City of Seven Hills.
Agonius is the surname or epithet of several Roman deities, especially Hermes in his role of presiding over solemn contests. Aeschylus (Agam. 513) and Sophocles (Trach. 26) use the name Agonius as a reference to Apollo and Zeus in the role of helpers in struggles and contests.
The priestly position of Rex Sacrifulus, or Rex Sacrorum, was created as a position to carry on the religious duties of the king after the Roman kings were expelled when the Roman Republic was created. This position was originally higher than the Pontifex Maximus during the Roman Republic, but fell to a lower position in the late Republican period and the Roman Empire. The Rex Sacrorum was the only high priestly official specifically dedicated to the Roman deity Janus (Ianus). The Pontifix Maximus (or Supreme Pontiff, or bridge-builder) was the high priest of the College of Pontiffs. Roman Emperor Augustus took on the title for himself. Subsequent Roman Emperors held the title until Roman Emperor Gratian. The title Pontifex Maximus was then passed on to the Christian Bishop of Rome and became one of the titles of the Roman Catholic Pope.
According to legend, Agonalia was first performed by Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome. The sacrifice was originally performed on the Quirinal hill, which was originally called Agonus, near the Colline Gate (known as Agonensis). In historical times the sacrifice was offered at the regia, or domus regis, at the top of the Sacra Via, near the Arch of Titus. Note that the Romans used a lunar calendar. This date is a generalized date for the modern calendar. This Roman holy day may be on a different day if calculated using the ancient Roman lunar calendar.
calendar
This day on different world calendars.
Kemetic (ancient Egyptian) information
Season of Proyet (Sowing)
Month of Tybi (Min)
Day 26
Zoroastrian information
(Fasli calendar)
Month of Adar (ninth month)
Day of Ashtad
Day 26
The day of Ashtad celebrates the Av. Arshtat, Rectitude, Justice. Special prayers from the Khorda Avesta are recited in honor of the day’s spiritual being.
Activity for the day from the Counsels of Adhurbadh, Son of Mahraspand: “(144) On the day of Ashtad deliver over your mares, cows, and pack-animals to their males so that they may return in good health.” Adarbad Mahraspandan was a famous saint, high priest, and prime minister of Shapur II (309-379 C.E.).
The fourth week (eight days) of each Zoroastrian month celebrates religious ideas.
The Fasli, or seasonal, calendar is one of three Zoroastrian calendars still in use.
Celtic (ancient Druid) information
Ogham tree calendar
Ruis (R)
Elder Moon
Day 17
The Celtic calendar started out as a moon calendar, but was aligned with the solar year during antiquity. Robert Graves proposed the Celtic tree calendar described here. While widely used by Neo-Pagans, many critics dispute the authenticity. The Beth-Luis-Nion calendar (the one used here) starts with New Year on the Winter Solstice. The Beth-Luis-Faern calendar starts with New Year on Samhain.
Each Celtic tree month (or moon) is named for a Celtic Ogham letter (first line above) and a tree (second line above). All of the Celtic months also had additional folk names (folk names for this month listed below).
Polarity: Masculine
Planet: Saturn
Archetype: Pryderi, son of Pwyll
Symbol: raven
Folk Names:
Moon of Completeness
Asatru (ancient Norse) information
Month: Yule
Roman information
a.d. III Id. Dec.
3 days before the Ides of December
Month: December
The a.d. III Id. designation means ante diem or three “days before” the Ides (Full Moon) of the month. When counting days, the Romans included both the start and end day (in modern Western culture, we skip the start day). When the Romans switched to a solar calendar, they continued to use the lunar day names.
The Roman month of December is named for decem, because it was originally the tenth month of the Roman solar year. December was sacred to Vesta, the Roman Goddess of hearth, home, and family.
The earliest Roman months were lunar. According to Roman mythology, the ten month solar calendar aligned to the vernal equinox was introduced by Romulus, the founder of Rome, around 753 BCE. In Romulus’ calendar, December (the tenth month) had 30 days. Numa Pompilius, the second of the seven traditional kings of Rome, added two more months, for a 12 month year. In Numa’s calendar, December had 29 days. Gaius Julius Caesar, as Pontifex Maximus (supreme bridge-builder, a religious title), reorganized the calendar on the first day of 45 BCE. In Caesar’s calendar (the Julian Calendar), December had 31 days. Caesar’s calendar was calculated by Sosigenes, an Egyptian astrologer/astronomer. In 8 BCE, Augustus Caesar fixed errors by pontiffs after Julius’ death and made other minor modifications, resulting in the modern Western calendar. The modern Gregorian Calendar, named for Roman Catholic Pope Gregory the Thirteenth, was a realignment in 1582.
numerology
Today totals 2 in modern Western numerology. See the article on two for more information.
complete calendar
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